For the bed (happy jack) in the garage, we put the ladder UNDER the upper mattress - that keeps it from bouncing around and falling out. We also put the garage table in the same area.
When you say "patio steps", I assume you are talking about one of the external ramp or side patio features on your toyhauler. We store our patio steps in the garage at the house
for the following reasons: they are bulky and a pain to deal with during travel (as you have found), they are heavy and hard to set up, and they prohibit easy closing/opening of the patio ramp.
I have found that I love the patio, but I don't really like leaving it open at night or in the rain. My concern is the "plastic glass/screen" sliding doors don't provide any true security. So, once the garage is unloaded and the patio cables are in place, I can actually raise and lower the ramp from inside the trailer by holding the cables. So at night, I will fold up the railing system, then grab one of the patio cables, and pull the system closed. In the morning, I use the emergency manual unlock (red strap) to unlock the ramp and hold one of the cable s to slowly lower the ramp. Then extend the railing and I'm all set. I did it all from inside in my stocking feet - grab a rocker and my coffee and I'm set!
If you have kids and/or want to use the patio independently from the garage, then I guess you are stuck with the steps. You might be able to find some wall space in the garage where you could stand them up and fasten them down. On trips where we have used ours, I threw them in the back of our F350 between the tailgate and the 5th wheel hitch.
Good luck & happy camping!